Contraception - injections to stop sperm production

The contraceptive injection to stop sperm production uses a combination of synthetic versions of 2 naturally occurring hormones: testosterone and progesterone. Together, these hormones work to stop the body from making sperm.

A number of studies have used this combination of hormones, usually given as injections, although implants, tablets and gels have also been studied. Most studies have shown this method of hormonal contraception to be effective at preventing pregnancy.

Currently, there are no plans for a hormonal method of contraception to stop sperm production to be made available to the public. In the future, however, it may be a suitable and acceptable form of contraception for some people.

Advantages#

Some studies have shown the possible advantages of hormonal contraception to stop sperm production:

• it would give people who produce sperm a new, reversible method of contraception that they could control themselves
• it would offer an alternative to vasectomy, which is not reliably reversible
• it would provide an option for couples who cannot use currently available methods, such as the combined oral contraceptive pill
• it would let partners share the responsibility, cost and regular clinic visits involved in contraception

Disadvantages#

Some studies have shown the possible disadvantages could include:

• side effects such as acne, night sweats, weight gain and lowered sex drive, which are usually mild and can settle with time
• it would not give protection from STIs
• it would take about 3 to 6 months to start working, and about the same length of time to wear off
• it would not completely stop sperm being produced in about 1 in 25 men who use it
• it would take many years to fully assess any long-term side effects

Choosing the right method of contraception#

When you are choosing a method of contraception, it is important to have access to accurate information and to talk openly with your partner about your options. Think about how well each method works, the possible side effects, how easy it is to use and how much it costs.

It helps to weigh the pros against the cons and consider how each method meets your current and future needs. The method you choose will depend on your general health, lifestyle and relationships. It can help to talk through your options with a doctor or reproductive health nurse.

Protection from sexually transmissible infections#

Hormonal contraception does not give any protection from sexually transmissible infections (STIs). The best way to lessen the risk of STIs is to use barrier protection such as condoms. Condoms can be used for oral, vaginal and anal sex alongside other methods of contraception to help stop infections from spreading.

Key points#

• The injection combines synthetic testosterone and progesterone to stop the body making sperm.
• It is not currently available to the public, but may become an option in the future.
• It would take about 3 to 6 months to work, and the same length of time to wear off.
• It does not protect against STIs, so barrier protection such as condoms is still needed.

Where to get help#